The Sassanid (Parsi) Dynasty 224–651 CE ruled 427 years.

This Dynasty was founded by Ardashir I, titled “Ardeshir Babakan”, from Babakan a city in Pars- middle Iran. The dynasty was named after Sāsān, an ancestor of Ardashīr.
Under Ardashir’s leadership the Sasanians overthrew the Parthians and created a vast empire, and he called himself as Shahanshah (the “king of kings”).

Zoroastrianism became the state religion, and at various times followers of other faiths suffered official persecution. The government was centralized, with provincial officials directly responsible to the throne, and roads, city building, and even agriculture were financed by the government. Under the Sasanians Iranian art experienced a general renaissance.

Architecture often took on grandiose proportions, such as the palaces at Ctesiphon, Fīrūzābād, and Sarvestan. Perhaps the most characteristic and striking relics of Sasanian art are rock sculptures carved on abrupt limestone cliffs—for example, at Shāhpūr (Bishapur), Naqsh-e Rostam, and Naqsh-e Rajab. Metalwork and gem engraving became highly sophisticated. Scholarship was encouraged by the state, and works from both the East and the West were translated into Pahlavi, the language of the Sasanians. Another one of its outstanding kings was Khosro Anoshiravan (titled “the Just”) 531 to 579. This dynasty was destroyed at the time of Yazd Gerd III, at Nahavand battle by the Arabs (Caliph Omar) during the years 642–651.